Search results for "Dysthymic Disorder"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
The predictive value of early response in patients with depressive disorders
2016
Several randomized controlled trials have identified early response to psychotherapy as a predictor for later treatment outcome among patients with depressive disorders. However, supporting evidence under routine conditions is rare. This study evaluated the predictive value of early improvement for final outcomes in psychotherapy among depressive patients in the naturalistic setting of a German university outpatient clinic.We used the method of percent symptom reduction to classify 639 patients with major depression or dysthymic disorder who underwent an average of 40.0 sessions (SD = 16.3) of naturalistic cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as having either an early response or an early non…
Attentional Biases and Vulnerability to Depression
1999
This study was designed to examine selective processing of emotional information in depression. It focuses on possible attentional biases in depression, and whether such biases constitute a cognitive vulnerability factor to suffer from the disorder or, on the contrary, they reflect a feature associated exclusively with the clinical level of depression. 81 participants were included in the study: 15 with a diagnosis of Major Depression; 17 were diagnosed as Dysthymia; 11 participants scored over 18 in the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979); 15 participants, in whom a sad mood state was induced by an experimental mood induction (Velten technique + music, or biographic…
Defining response and remission in psychotherapy research: A comparison of the RCI and the method of percent improvement
2011
There is no consensus as to how to define response and remission for mental disorder treatments. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) is most commonly used in psychotherapy research, whereas psychopharmacologists prefer to calculate percentage of improvement (PI). We compared both methods using the Beck Depression Inventory in 395 depressive outpatients. The overall pre-post effect size was d=1.18. The PI-50 (≥ 50% improvement from baseline) resulted in outcome estimates higher than the RCI: 66.3% vs. 59.2% for response and 50.6% vs. 45.8% for remission. We demonstrate that the PI approach is independent of arbitrarily chosen reliabilities and reference populations. Furthermore, it takes differe…
Benchmarking of cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in efficacy and effectiveness studies--how do exclusion criteria affect treatment outcome?
2011
Abstract Objective: Little is known about how exclusion criteria applied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) affect the transfer of psychotherapy outcome research to naturalistic settings. This study evaluated the effects of naturalistic depression therapies and benchmarked them with published RCTs. Method: Commonly used exclusion criteria were applied to n=338 depressive patients receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy. Outcomes of the resulting subsample eligible for RCTs were compared to those reported in RCTs. Results: Treatment outcomes of the total sample (d=1.16) and the subsample eligible for RCTs (d=1.15) were highly similar. Therapy outcome was worse than in high-quality RCTs (d…
Bipolar disorders and affective temperaments: a national family study testing the "endophenotype" and "subaffective" theses using the TEMPS-A Buenos …
2007
The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of affective temperaments between clinically unaffected relatives of bipolar patients and secondarily to investigate the impact of these "subaffective" forms on their quality of life (QoL).The study was performed in seven sites across Argentina. We administered the scales TEMPS-A and Quality of Life Index to a sample of 114 non-ill first degree relatives of bipolar disorder patients ("cases") and 115 comparison subjects without family history of affective illness ("controls"). We used The Mood Disorder Questionnaire to rule out clinical bipolarity.Mean scores on all TEMPS-A subscales were significantly higher in cases, except for hypert…
Psychopathological and emotional deficits in myotonic dystrophy
1998
OBJECTIVE—To evaluate psychopathological disturbances in patients with myotonic dystrophy (MD) and compare patients with MD to both patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) and healthy control subjects. METHODS—A semistructured interview was used to determine DSM III-R criteria for major depressive episodes, dysthymic episodes, and generalised anxiety. The Montgomery and Asberg and the Hamilton depressive scales, the Covi and Tyrer anxiety scales, the Abrams and Taylor scale for emotional blunting, and the depressive mood scale were all used in the study. Subjects were also asked to complete questionnaires for physical and social anhedonia. RESULTS—Fifteen patients with MD, 11 pat…
What Predicts Outcome, Response, and Drop-out in CBT of Depressive Adults? A Naturalistic Study
2012
Background: The efficacy of CBT for unipolar depressive disorders is well established, yet not all patients improve or tolerate treatment. Aims: To identify factors associated with symptomatic outcome, response, and drop-out in depressive patients under naturalistic CBT. Method: 193 patients with major depression or dysthymia were tested. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were entered as predictors in hierarchical regression analyses. Results: A higher degree of pretreatment depression, early improvement, and completion of therapy were identified as predictors for symptomatic change and response. Drop-out was predicted by concurrent personality disorder, less positive outcome expectan…